Article 65: Jamaica – the charm of the world’s highest coffee raw material region
The Caribbean is considered the second territory of the coffee industry in the Americas, after Brazil. With a wonderful climate and soil, this place has produced the most excellent coffee in the world – Jamaican Coffee.
I often spend the evening in a cafe, where young poets and writers gather.” Writer Claude McKay (1889-1948)
Coffee beans shape history on the land of Jamaica
Coffee was brought to the island nation of Jamaica in the 18th century by a French king. In 1723, King Louis XV sent three coffee trees to the then French colony of Martinique – a fertile, lush island 1,900km southwest of Jamaica. By 1728, Sir Nicholas Lawes, Governor of Jamaica, had received eight coffee trees from Governor Martinique as diplomatic gifts. From here, the history of coffee on the land of Jamaica began to take shape.
The Jamaican coffee industry took nearly 250 years to shape and develop to bring the reputation of Jamaican coffee beans to the world.
The first coffee tree on the island was planted in the parish of St. Andrews, then rapidly expanded into the majestic Blue Mountain range of the hills of St. Ann, Manchester and St. Elizabeth. The incredible harmony between the fertile volcanic soil with the cool, cloudy climate and high rainfall in Jamaica created the ideal conditions for Arabica coffee to grow and develop. After 9 years since the first coffee tree was germinated, Jamaica began to export and opened up the coffee industry.
In the early 19th century, more than 600 coffee plantations were established in Jamaica, making this island nation the largest coffee producing region in the world in the 1800s and 1840s with an output of up to 70,000 tons per year. After 1840, many coffee plantations faced the risk of closure due to a wave of human resources in the coffee industry shifting to food crops.
However, thanks to government intervention, the coffee industry in Jamaica miraculously revived. The farming law and coffee growing guidelines, which have been in place since 1890, have helped the coffee industry in Jamaica to be more professionally planned. After nearly 250 years of establishment and development, today, the reputation of delicious coffee beans full of charm from the land of Jamaica has spread around the world, conquering the most demanding customers.
The people of Jamaica are always proud of the excellent taste, with the characteristic seductive aroma of Blue Mountain coffee beans.
Blue Mountain Coffee – The Pride of Jamaicans
Blue Mountain coffee is grown on the Blue Mountain mountain range, which is known as the highest roof of the Caribbean Islands with an altitude of 2,256 meters. This is also the highest coffee growing region in the world. Over time, nutrients deposited on the surface of these dormant volcanoes are great natural nutrients for coffee plants to grow and develop. Along with that, the Blue Mountain range has a dense fog cover all year round and low temperatures. This causes the coffee tree to grow slowly and take up to 10 months to be harvested, but creates a unique delicious taste.
For Jamaicans, the Blue Mountain range is like a gift from nature. It is the miracle of nature that has made the taste of Jamaican coffee more special than any other country. Jamaicans are always proud that they are the ones who directly produce the world-famous Blue Mountain coffee beans. Diligence, hard work and dedication are the qualities that are easily seen in the coffee farmers here. In this land, coffee is kept traditional farming methods, harvested by hand and packed into wooden barrels like in the 18th century. This dedication has contributed to perfecting the taste of Jamaican coffee.
Quality coffee beans are selected by farmers, preliminarily processed and packed into wooden barrels – a typical symbol of Jamaican coffee.
In 1953, Jamaica established the Coffee Industry Board to maintain and standardize the quality of Blue Mountain coffee according to international standards. Coffee beans are carefully selected, and supervised from grinding, drying, shelling to grading. To be exported, all coffee batches are inspected and approved by the Coffee Industry Board of Jamaica. Thanks to the government’s intervention, Blue Mountain coffee has always maintained its excellent quality and is protected globally by trademarks. Therefore, although the production area is small and the output is small, Blue Mountain coffee in particular and Jamaica in general always achieves high value in the vast coffee market.
It can be said that the coffee industry in Jamaica was born and exists as an indispensable institution thanks to the great favor of the soil and climate here. Jamaica may never reach the position of the largest coffee producer in the world as in the past, but with its characteristic alluring aroma, Blue Mountain coffee has always captivated coffee lovers when they taste it.
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Source: “The Philosophical Way of Coffee” – copyright by Trung Nguyen Legend